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Health care in Mexico
Health care in Mexico is provided via public institutions, private entities, or private physicians. Health care delivered through private health care organizations operates entirely on the free-market system, i.e., it is available to those who can afford it. This is also the case of health care obtained from private physicians at their private office or clinic. Public health care delivery, on the other hand, is accomplished via an elaborate provisioning and delivery system put in place by the Mexican Federal Government. In 2012, Mexico achieved universal healthcare. As of December 31, 2013, there were 4,466 hospitals in Mexico.〔Global Health Intelligence, ("Global Health Intelligence" ). Retrieved 19 January 2015.〕
==History==
Hospitals were established in Mexico in the early sixteenth century, including ones exclusively for Indians. Some were established by the crown, others by private endowment, but most by the Catholic Church. Bishop Vasco de Quiroga established hospital complexes in Michoacan in the sixteenth century. In Mexico City, conqueror Hernán Cortés established the Hospital de Jesús Nazareno for Indians, which still functions as a hospital.〔David Howard, ''The Royal Indian Hospital of Mexico City'', Tempe: Arizona State University Center for Latin American Studies, Special Studies 20, 1979.〕〔Carmen Venegas Ramírez, ''Régimen hospitalario para indios en la Nueva España''. Mexico 1973.〕〔Josefina Muriel, ''Hospitales de la Nueva España''. 2 vols. Mexico 1956-60.〕 The Hospicio Cabañas in Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico, was founded in 1791. The institution, still functioning, is now a World Heritage Site. It is one of the oldest and largest hospital complexes in Latin America. The complex was founded by the Bishop of Guadalajara to combine the functions of a workhouse, hospital, orphanage, and almshouse.
The Mexican health care program IMSS was founded in 1943 during the presidency of Manuel Avila Camacho.〔(''Mexico's health care lures Americans.'' ) Chris Hawley. USA Today. 9/1/2009. Retrieved 24 August 2012.〕 In the early 1990s, Mexico showed clear signs of having entered a transitional stage in the health of its population. When compared with 1940 or even 1970, Mexico in the 1990s exhibited mortality patterns that more closely approximated those found in developed societies.〔(''Health Care and Social Security.'' ) Tim L. Merrill and Ramón Miró, editors. Mexico: A Country Study. Washington: GPO for the Library of Congress, 1996. (Quoted as: "Source: U.S. Library of Congress.") Retrieved 24 August 2012.〕 By 2009, during the notorious swine flu pandemic, the World Health Organization director said that Mexico "gave the world a model of rapid and transparent reporting, aggressive control measures, and generous sharing of data and samples". The CDC's flu director Nancy Cox, added that Mexico's response "impressed the entire world".〔(''Mexico Wins Praise for Swine Flu Response.'' ) Maria Cheng (London) and Vicente Panetta (Buenos Aires). Associated Press. Retrieved 4 July 2009.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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